Invicta Class Battleship

[snip]

The Invicta class are the first true All-Big-Gun battleships of the Roman Navy. The first ships to be equipped with a primitive centralized fire control system, they were also the first fully turbine equipped capital ship in the Imperial Navy. These turbines were also the first not to be directly connected to a propeller shaft, with an Electric Drive acting as an intermediary. An early Torpedo Defence System was also incorporated into the class.

Ships in Class: Two
--IRS Invicta
--IRS Indefessus

Invicta, Imperial Roman Republic Battleship laid down 1907

Displacement:
   20,500 t light; 21,678 t standard; 22,962 t normal; 23,989 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
   (541.34 ft / 541.34 ft) x 88.58 ft x (26.25 / 27.24 ft)
   (165.00 m / 165.00 m) x 27.00 m  x (8.00 / 8.30 m)

Armament:
      8 - 13.39" / 340 mm 40.0 cal guns - 1,157.43lbs / 525.00kg shells, 100 per gun
     Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1905 Model
     4 x Twin mounts on centreline, evenly spread
      16 - 5.51" / 140 mm 50.0 cal guns - 85.98lbs / 39.00kg shells, 250 per gun
     Quick firing guns in casemate mounts, 1902 Model
     16 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
      16 hull mounts in casemates- Limited use in heavy seas
      4 - 2.95" / 75.0 mm 50.0 cal guns - 13.23lbs / 6.00kg shells, 450 per gun
     Quick firing guns in casemate mounts, 1902 Model
     4 x Single mounts on side ends, evenly spread
      4 hull mounts in casemates- Limited use in heavy seas
      Weight of broadside 10,688 lbs / 4,848 kg

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   12.6" / 320 mm   351.87 ft / 107.25 m   18.04 ft / 5.50 m
   Ends:   3.94" / 100 mm   189.44 ft / 57.74 m   9.84 ft / 3.00 m
   Upper:   4.72" / 120 mm   351.87 ft / 107.25 m   9.02 ft / 2.75 m
     Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead - Additional damage containing bulkheads:
      0.59" / 15 mm   351.87 ft / 107.25 m   26.25 ft / 8.00 m
   Beam between torpedo bulkheads 75.46 ft / 23.00 m

   - Hull void:
      0.39" / 10 mm   360.89 ft / 110.00 m   26.25 ft / 8.00 m

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   13.4" / 340 mm   7.09" / 180 mm      11.0" / 280 mm
   2nd:   3.94" / 100 mm   0.98" / 25 mm      1.97" / 50 mm

   - Armoured deck - multiple decks:
   For and Aft decks: 3.54" / 90 mm
   Forecastle: 0.59" / 15 mm  Quarter deck: 0.59" / 15 mm

   - Conning towers: Forward 9.84" / 250 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm

Machinery:
   Coal and oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
   Electric motors, 4 shafts, 32,000 shp / 23,872 Kw = 21.17 kts
   Range 5,500nm at 10.00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 2,311 tons (90% coal)

Complement:
   932 - 1,212

Cost:
   £1.835 million / $7.339 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 1,690 tons, 7.4 %
      - Guns: 1,690 tons, 7.4 %
   Armour: 8,874 tons, 38.6 %
      - Belts: 4,466 tons, 19.4 %
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 202 tons, 0.9 %
      - Void: 138 tons, 0.6 %
      - Armament: 1,869 tons, 8.1 %
      - Armour Deck: 2,028 tons, 8.8 %
      - Conning Tower: 171 tons, 0.7 %
   Machinery: 1,980 tons, 8.6 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 7,004 tons, 30.5 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,462 tons, 10.7 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 952 tons, 4.1 %
      - Hull below water: 522 tons
      - Hull above water: 100 tons
      - On freeboard deck: 290 tons
      - Above deck: 40 tons

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     37,130 lbs / 16,842 Kg = 31.0 x 13.4 " / 340 mm shells or 5.5 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.31
   Metacentric height 6.7 ft / 2.0 m
   Roll period: 14.3 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 72 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.53
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.43

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has low quarterdeck ,
     a normal bow and a cruiser stern
   Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.639 / 0.643
   Length to Beam Ratio: 6.11 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 23.27 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 47 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
   Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
            Fore end,    Aft end
      - Forecastle:   20.00 %,  18.86 ft / 5.75 m,  18.86 ft / 5.75 m
      - Forward deck:   30.00 %,  18.86 ft / 5.75 m,  18.86 ft / 5.75 m
      - Aft deck:   35.00 %,  18.86 ft / 5.75 m,  18.86 ft / 5.75 m
      - Quarter deck:   15.00 %,  9.84 ft / 3.00 m,  9.84 ft / 3.00 m
      - Average freeboard:      17.51 ft / 5.34 m
   Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 76.9 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 140.2 %
   Waterplane Area: 36,365 Square feet or 3,378 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 105 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 157 lbs/sq ft or 764 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 0.96
      - Longitudinal: 1.54
      - Overall: 1.00
   Excellent machinery, storage, compartmentation space
   Excellent accommodation and workspace room
   Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
   Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

Misc Distribution
--Below Water (522t)
----495t Electric Drives
----18t 12x450mm Torpedo (45 Pattern B)
----2t Additional Torpedo handling equipment
----5t Additional Pumps
--Above Water (100t)
----30t Flag Facilities
----30t Improved Officer Accommodations
----30t Improved Crew Accommodations
----10t Short-Range Wireless
----10t Construction Reserve
--On Deck (290t)
----190t 1906 Fire Control
----30t Flag Facilities
----20t Admiralty Accommodations
----25t Long-Range Wireless
----15t Construction Reserve
--Above Deck (40t)
----20t Improved Aquisition Structures
----10t Additional Searchlights
----10t Improved Signaling Equipment

[snip]

In 1913 both Invicta and Indefessus received an upgrade to 1912 Fire Control.

Invicta, Imperial Roman Republic Battleship laid down 1907

Displacement:
   20,500 t light; 21,678 t standard; 22,962 t normal; 23,989 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
   (541.34 ft / 541.34 ft) x 88.58 ft x (26.25 / 27.24 ft)
   (165.00 m / 165.00 m) x 27.00 m  x (8.00 / 8.30 m)

Armament:
      8 - 13.39" / 340 mm 40.0 cal guns - 1,157.43lbs / 525.00kg shells, 100 per gun
     Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1905 Model
     4 x Twin mounts on centreline, evenly spread
      16 - 5.51" / 140 mm 50.0 cal guns - 85.98lbs / 39.00kg shells, 250 per gun
     Quick firing guns in casemate mounts, 1902 Model
     16 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
      16 hull mounts in casemates- Limited use in heavy seas
      4 - 2.95" / 75.0 mm 50.0 cal guns - 13.23lbs / 6.00kg shells, 450 per gun
     Quick firing guns in casemate mounts, 1902 Model
     4 x Single mounts on side ends, evenly spread
      4 hull mounts in casemates- Limited use in heavy seas
      Weight of broadside 10,688 lbs / 4,848 kg

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   12.6" / 320 mm   351.87 ft / 107.25 m   18.04 ft / 5.50 m
   Ends:   3.94" / 100 mm   189.44 ft / 57.74 m   9.84 ft / 3.00 m
   Upper:   4.72" / 120 mm   351.87 ft / 107.25 m   9.02 ft / 2.75 m
     Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead - Additional damage containing bulkheads:
      0.59" / 15 mm   351.87 ft / 107.25 m   26.25 ft / 8.00 m
   Beam between torpedo bulkheads 75.46 ft / 23.00 m

   - Hull void:
      0.39" / 10 mm   360.89 ft / 110.00 m   26.25 ft / 8.00 m

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   13.4" / 340 mm   7.09" / 180 mm      11.0" / 280 mm
   2nd:   3.94" / 100 mm   0.98" / 25 mm      1.97" / 50 mm

   - Armoured deck - multiple decks:
   For and Aft decks: 3.54" / 90 mm
   Forecastle: 0.59" / 15 mm  Quarter deck: 0.59" / 15 mm

   - Conning towers: Forward 9.84" / 250 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm

Machinery:
   Coal and oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
   Electric motors, 4 shafts, 32,000 shp / 23,872 Kw = 21.17 kts
   Range 5,500nm at 10.00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 2,311 tons (90% coal)

Complement:
   932 - 1,212

Cost:
   £1.835 million / $7.339 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 1,690 tons, 7.4 %
      - Guns: 1,690 tons, 7.4 %
   Armour: 8,874 tons, 38.6 %
      - Belts: 4,466 tons, 19.4 %
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 202 tons, 0.9 %
      - Void: 138 tons, 0.6 %
      - Armament: 1,869 tons, 8.1 %
      - Armour Deck: 2,028 tons, 8.8 %
      - Conning Tower: 171 tons, 0.7 %
   Machinery: 1,980 tons, 8.6 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 7,004 tons, 30.5 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,462 tons, 10.7 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 952 tons, 4.1 %
      - Hull below water: 522 tons
      - Hull above water: 100 tons
      - On freeboard deck: 290 tons
      - Above deck: 40 tons

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     37,130 lbs / 16,842 Kg = 31.0 x 13.4 " / 340 mm shells or 5.5 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.31
   Metacentric height 6.7 ft / 2.0 m
   Roll period: 14.3 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 72 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.53
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.43

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has low quarterdeck ,
     a normal bow and a cruiser stern
   Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.639 / 0.643
   Length to Beam Ratio: 6.11 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 23.27 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 47 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
   Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
            Fore end,    Aft end
      - Forecastle:   20.00 %,  18.86 ft / 5.75 m,  18.86 ft / 5.75 m
      - Forward deck:   30.00 %,  18.86 ft / 5.75 m,  18.86 ft / 5.75 m
      - Aft deck:   35.00 %,  18.86 ft / 5.75 m,  18.86 ft / 5.75 m
      - Quarter deck:   15.00 %,  9.84 ft / 3.00 m,  9.84 ft / 3.00 m
      - Average freeboard:      17.51 ft / 5.34 m
   Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 76.9 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 140.2 %
   Waterplane Area: 36,365 Square feet or 3,378 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 105 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 157 lbs/sq ft or 764 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 0.96
      - Longitudinal: 1.54
      - Overall: 1.00
   Excellent machinery, storage, compartmentation space
   Excellent accommodation and workspace room
   Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
   Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

Misc Distribution
--Below Water (522t)
----495t Electric Drives
----18t 12x450mm Torpedo (45 Pattern B)
----2t Additional Torpedo handling equipment
----5t Additional Pumps
--Above Water (100t)
----30t Flag Facilities
----30t Improved Officer Accommodations
----30t Improved Crew Accommodations
----10t Short-Range Wireless
----10t Construction Reserve
--On Deck (290t)
----190t 1912 Fire Control
----30t Flag Facilities
----20t Admiralty Accommodations
----25t Long-Range Wireless
----15t Construction Reserve
--Above Deck (40t)
----20t Improved Aquisition Structures
----10t Additional Searchlights
----10t Improved Signaling Equipment

[snip]

In 1922H2, both ships received an updated to 1918 Fire Control.