Battleships (戦艦)

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Fuji Class (富士型) Battleship

The oldest and first domestically-produced battleships still active in the Japanese Navy. In order to justify the extra cost and difficulty of a fully domestic construction, two additional units to the original two were ordered to invoke some economy of scale.

01 - Fuji (富士), laid down 1894
02 - Yashima (八島), laid down 1894
03 - Shikishima (敷島), laid down 1895
04 - Hatsuse (初瀬), laid down 1895

Fuji, Japan Battleship laid down 1894 (Engine 1890)

Displacement:
   11,000 t light; 11,564 t standard; 12,322 t normal; 12,928 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
   (393.70 ft / 393.70 ft) x 68.90 ft x (28.22 / 29.32 ft)
   (120.00 m / 120.00 m) x 21.00 m  x (8.60 / 8.94 m)

Armament:
      4 - 12.01" / 305 mm 35.0 cal guns - 829.70lbs / 376.34kg shells, 100 per gun
     Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1894 Model
     2 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
      10 - 5.98" / 152 mm 45.0 cal guns - 108.07lbs / 49.02kg shells, 200 per gun
     Quick firing guns in casemate mounts, 1894 Model
     10 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
      10 - 1.85" / 47.0 mm 40.0 cal guns - 3.00lbs / 1.36kg shells, 800 per gun
     Quick firing guns in deck mounts, 1894 Model
     10 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
      Weight of broadside 4,429 lbs / 2,009 kg

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   18.1" / 460 mm   255.91 ft / 78.00 m   13.12 ft / 4.00 m
   Ends:   Unarmoured
   Upper:   3.94" / 100 mm   255.91 ft / 78.00 m   13.12 ft / 4.00 m
     Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   5.91" / 150 mm   3.94" / 100 mm      4.92" / 125 mm
   2nd:   3.94" / 100 mm   1.97" / 50 mm      1.97" / 50 mm
   4th:   0.39" / 10 mm         -               -

   - Protected deck - single deck:
   For and Aft decks: 2.56" / 65 mm
   Forecastle: 2.56" / 65 mm  Quarter deck: 2.56" / 65 mm

   - Conning towers: Forward 13.39" / 340 mm, Aft 3.94" / 100 mm

Machinery:
   Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
   Direct drive, 2 shafts, 12,504 ihp / 9,328 Kw = 18.00 kts
   Range 4,000nm at 10.00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 1,364 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
   584 - 760

Cost:
   £0.998 million / $3.990 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 639 tons, 5.2 %
      - Guns: 639 tons, 5.2 %
   Armour: 4,802 tons, 39.0 %
      - Belts: 3,282 tons, 26.6 %
      - Armament: 406 tons, 3.3 %
      - Armour Deck: 915 tons, 7.4 %
      - Conning Towers: 199 tons, 1.6 %
   Machinery: 2,316 tons, 18.8 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,244 tons, 26.3 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,322 tons, 10.7 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     12,614 lbs / 5,722 Kg = 14.6 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 2.0 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.17
   Metacentric height 3.9 ft / 1.2 m
   Roll period: 14.7 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 100 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.53
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.52

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has a flush deck,
     a normal bow and a cruiser stern
   Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.564 / 0.569
   Length to Beam Ratio: 5.71 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 19.84 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 47 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 67
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -20.00 degrees
   Stern overhang: -6.56 ft / -2.00 m
   Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
            Fore end,    Aft end
      - Forecastle:   20.00 %,  13.12 ft / 4.00 m,  13.12 ft / 4.00 m
      - Forward deck:   30.00 %,  13.12 ft / 4.00 m,  13.12 ft / 4.00 m
      - Aft deck:   35.00 %,  13.12 ft / 4.00 m,  13.12 ft / 4.00 m
      - Quarter deck:   15.00 %,  13.12 ft / 4.00 m,  13.12 ft / 4.00 m
      - Average freeboard:      13.12 ft / 4.00 m
   Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 83.8 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 82.1 %
   Waterplane Area: 19,172 Square feet or 1,781 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 101 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 125 lbs/sq ft or 608 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 0.92
      - Longitudinal: 2.36
      - Overall: 1.02
   Adequate machinery, storage, compartmentation space
   Cramped accommodation and workspace room
   Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
   Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

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Misaka Class (三笠型) Battleship

As of 1902, these twin ships have replaced the Fuji class as flagships. The Imperial Court is debating the addition of two ships to the class.

01 - Misaka (三笠), laid down 1899
02 - Asahi (朝日), laid down 1899

Misaka, Japan Battleship laid down 1899 (Engine 1900)

Displacement:
   12,000 t light; 12,706 t standard; 14,202 t normal; 15,398 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
   (393.70 ft / 393.70 ft) x 76.12 ft x (26.90 / 28.78 ft)
   (120.00 m / 120.00 m) x 23.20 m  x (8.20 / 8.77 m)

Armament:
      4 - 12.01" / 305 mm 40.0 cal guns - 823.45lbs / 373.51kg shells, 100 per gun
     Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1889 Model
     2 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
      14 - 5.98" / 152 mm 45.0 cal guns - 107.25lbs / 48.65kg shells, 200 per gun
     Quick firing guns in casemate mounts, 1889 Model
     14 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
      10 hull mounts in casemates- Limited use in all but light seas
      20 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm 39.4 cal guns - 12.80lbs / 5.81kg shells, 400 per gun
     Quick firing guns in casemate mounts, 1889 Model
     20 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
      12 - 1.85" / 47.0 mm 40.0 cal guns - 3.01lbs / 1.37kg shells, 800 per gun
     Quick firing guns in deck mounts, 1889 Model
     12 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
      Weight of broadside 5,087 lbs / 2,308 kg

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   12.2" / 311 mm   255.91 ft / 78.00 m   13.12 ft / 4.00 m
   Ends:   4.02" / 102 mm   137.80 ft / 42.00 m   13.12 ft / 4.00 m
   Upper:   4.02" / 102 mm   393.70 ft / 120.00 m   8.20 ft / 2.50 m
     Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   10.0" / 254 mm   7.99" / 203 mm      14.0" / 356 mm
   2nd:   5.98" / 152 mm   2.01" / 51 mm      2.05" / 52 mm
   3rd:   0.39" / 10 mm         -               -
   4th:   0.39" / 10 mm         -               -

   - Armoured deck - multiple decks:
   For and Aft decks: 2.99" / 76 mm
   Forecastle: 2.99" / 76 mm  Quarter deck: 2.99" / 76 mm

   - Conning towers: Forward 14.02" / 356 mm, Aft 4.02" / 102 mm

Machinery:
   Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
   Direct drive, 2 shafts, 14,062 ihp / 10,491 Kw = 18.00 kts
   Range 9,000nm at 10.00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 2,692 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
   649 - 845

Cost:
   £1.085 million / $4.340 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 826 tons, 5.8 %
      - Guns: 826 tons, 5.8 %
   Armour: 5,073 tons, 35.7 %
      - Belts: 2,615 tons, 18.4 %
      - Armament: 987 tons, 7.0 %
      - Armour Deck: 1,242 tons, 8.7 %
      - Conning Towers: 228 tons, 1.6 %
   Machinery: 2,197 tons, 15.5 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,904 tons, 27.5 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,202 tons, 15.5 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     17,445 lbs / 7,913 Kg = 20.5 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 2.5 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.28
   Metacentric height 5.2 ft / 1.6 m
   Roll period: 14.0 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 100 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.41
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.53

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has a flush deck,
     a normal bow and a cruiser stern
   Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.617 / 0.625
   Length to Beam Ratio: 5.17 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 19.84 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 50 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 65
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -20.00 degrees
   Stern overhang: -6.56 ft / -2.00 m
   Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
            Fore end,    Aft end
      - Forecastle:   20.00 %,  21.33 ft / 6.50 m,  14.76 ft / 4.50 m
      - Forward deck:   30.00 %,  14.76 ft / 4.50 m,  14.76 ft / 4.50 m
      - Aft deck:   35.00 %,  14.76 ft / 4.50 m,  14.76 ft / 4.50 m
      - Quarter deck:   15.00 %,  14.76 ft / 4.50 m,  14.76 ft / 4.50 m
      - Average freeboard:      15.29 ft / 4.66 m
   Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 75.1 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 96.4 %
   Waterplane Area: 22,258 Square feet or 2,068 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 110 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 136 lbs/sq ft or 665 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 0.91
      - Longitudinal: 2.30
      - Overall: 1.00
   Excellent machinery, storage, compartmentation space
   Adequate accommodation and workspace room
   Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
   Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather